Wednesday · November 11, 2026
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American history, reported as it happened
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19491776 Club

Two years after unification, Congress gives the Defense Secretary real command

The awkward National Military Establishment becomes the Department of Defense, with a deputy secretary to help run it.

Two years after the National Security Act of 1947 loosely stitched the Army, Navy, and Air Force under a single secretary, the arrangement still wasn't working. The three service secretaries kept operating almost as equals, and the Secretary of Defense had more coordination duty than actual command. The 1949 amendments fixed that: the National Military Establishment was renamed the Department of Defense, the Army, Navy, and Air Force secretaries were placed directly under the Secretary of Defense in the chain of command, and a new Deputy Secretary of Defense position gave the office its first number two…

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More from August 10
1944

Guam is declared secure; 7,500 Japanese troops are still loose in the hills

Three weeks after wading ashore at Asan and Agat, Marines and Army troops end organized resistance on an island America lost in 1941.
1945

Tokyo says it will surrender, but only if the Emperor stays on his throne

Four days after Hiroshima and one day after Nagasaki, Japan attaches a single condition to Potsdam's terms.
1988

Reagan signs law admitting the internment camps were wrong; $20,000 to every survivor

The bill's number, H.R. 442, was chosen to honor the all-Japanese American regiment that fought in Europe while many of its soldiers' families remained in the camps.
18611776 Club
Outnumbered more than two to one, the Union commander dies leading a countercharge before his men run out of ammunition.
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More from Cold War America
1958

Eisenhower buries two unknowns at Arlington; each man receives the Medal of Honor

Charette, the Navy's only active enlisted Medal of Honor holder, chose the World War II unknown; Lyle picked the Korean War soldier from four disinterred candidates.
1968

Kennedy is dead; Johnson declares a national day of mourning

Shot in the Ambassador Hotel kitchen nearly 25 hours ago, the California primary winner dies at Good Samaritan Hospital in Los Angeles.
1964

Senate breaks the longest filibuster in its history; civil rights vote is cleared

Robert Byrd's 14-hour, 13-minute speech closes 72 days of Southern obstruction, and cloture passes 71 to 29.
1966

Warren's court rules 5–4: police must tell suspects they may stay silent before questioning begins

Ernesto Miranda's kidnapping conviction falls; he had signed a "voluntary" confession without ever being told he could refuse to speak or call a lawyer.
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