Wednesday · November 11, 2026
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American history, reported as it happened
Made for the 250th
18731776 Club

A gripman balks at the hill; Hallidie takes the cable car down himself

The Clay Street Hill Railroad opens a day late, but San Francisco's first cable line runs without incident.

San Francisco's hills broke horses. Draft animals hauling streetcars up Jackson Street routinely collapsed on the grade, and Nob Hill's slopes made much of the city unreachable by rail. On September 1, 1873, the Clay Street Hill Railroad opened along Clay Street, running roughly between Kearny and Jones streets, hauling passenger cars up a 348-foot rise in six blocks using a steam-driven cable and mechanical grips instead of horses. Within a year it was carrying 3,000 riders a day…

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More from August 2
1939

Sachs hands Roosevelt a letter about uranium; the president tells an aide, "this requires action"

Einstein's signature and a $6,000 grant were enough to start the Manhattan Project.
1790

Marshals finish counting the nation: 3,929,214 Americans, give or take

Washington and Jefferson both suspect the real number is higher.
1943

A destroyer cuts PT-109 in half; the young skipper swims for shore towing a burned man by his life vest

Two of the crew are dead in the water off the Solomons; the rest owe their lives to three miles of open sea.
19321776 Club
The particle has an electron's mass and a positive charge nobody expected to see.
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More from Civil War & Reconstruction
1862

Seward and Lyons sign a treaty giving both navies the right to search and seize slave ships

The Senate ratifies unanimously the same day, ending half a century of U.S. resistance to British calls for mutual search rights on African and Cuban waters.
1861

Tennessee votes to leave the Union; the eleventh state is also the last

Middle Tennessee swings from 51 percent against secession in February to 88 percent in favor today, providing the decisive margin, though East Tennessee refuses to accept the result.
1863

Pleasonton crosses the Rappahannock at dawn; Stuart's cavalry fights all day to hold Fleetwood Hill

Eleven thousand Union horsemen hit the Confederate camps from two directions at once, and though the Federals withdraw by nightfall, the aura of easy Southern dominance on horseback does not survive the day.
1865

Meade stands down the Army of the Potomac; it ceases to exist, two years to the day after he took command

The army that bled at Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, and the Wilderness is disbanded before summer is out.
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